golines
Golines is a golang formatter that shortens long lines, in addition to all of the formatting fixes done by gofmt
.
Motivation
The standard golang formatting tools (gofmt
, goimports
, etc.) are great, but deliberately don't shorten long lines; instead, this is an activity left to developers.
While there are different tastes when it comes to line lengths in go, we've generally found that very long lines are more difficult to read than their shortened alternatives. As an example:
myMap := map[string]string{"first key": "first value", "second key": "second value", "third key": "third value", "fourth key": "fourth value", "fifth key": "fifth value"}
vs.
myMap := map[string]string{
"first key": "first value",
"second key": "second value",
"third key": "third value",
"fourth key": "fourth value",
"fifth key": "fifth value",
}
We built golines
to give go developers the option to automatically shorten long lines, like the one above, according to their preferences.
More background and technical details are available in this blog post.
Examples
See this before and after view of a file with very long lines. More example pairs can be found in the _fixtures
directory.
Usage
First, install the tool:
go get -u github.com/segmentio/golines
Then, run:
golines [paths to format]
The paths can be either directories or individual files. If no paths are provided, then input is taken from stdin (as with gofmt
).
By default, the results are printed to stdout. To overwrite the existing files in place, use the -w
flag.
Options
Some other options are described in the sections below. Run golines --help
to see all available flags and settings.
Line length settings
By default, the tool tries to shorten lines that are longer than 100 columns and assumes that 1 tab = 4 columns. The latter can be changed via the -m
and -t
flags respectively.
Dry-run mode
Running the tool with the --dry-run
flag will show pretty, git-style diffs via an embedded Python script.
Comment shortening
Shortening long comment lines is harder than shortening code because comments can have arbitrary structure and format. golines
includes some basic logic for shortening single-line (i.e., //
-prefixed) comments, but this is turned off by default since the quality isn't great. To enable this feature anyway, run with the --shorten-comments
flag.
Custom formatters
By default, the tool will use goimports
as the base formatter (if found), otherwise it will revert to gofmt
. An explicit formatter can be set via the --base-formatter
flag.
Generated files
By default, the tool will not format any files that look like they're generated. If you want to reformat these too, run with the --no-ignore-generated
flag.
Struct tag reformatting
In addition to shortening long lines, the tool also aligns struct tag keys; see the associated before and after examples in the _fixtures
directory. To turn this behavior off, run with --no-reformat-tags
.
Developer Tooling Integration
vim-go
Add the following lines to your vimrc, substituting 128
with your preferred line length:
let g:go_fmt_command = "golines"
let g:go_fmt_options = {
\ 'golines': '-m 128',
\ }
Visual Studio Code
- Install the Run on Save extension
- Go into the VSCode settings menu, scroll down to the section for the "Run on Save" extension, click the "Edit in settings.json" link
- Set the
emeraldwalk.runonsave
key as follows (adding other flags to thegolines
command as desired):
"emeraldwalk.runonsave": {
"commands": [
{
"match": "\\.go$",
"cmd": "golines ${file} -w"
}
]
}
- Save the settings and restart VSCode
Others
Coming soon.
How It Works
For each input source file, golines
runs through the following process:
- Read the file, break it into lines
- Add a specially-formatted annotation (comment) to each line that's longer than the configured maximum
- Use Dave Brophy's excellent decorated syntax tree library to parse the code plus added annotations
- Do a depth-first traversal of the resulting tree, looking for nodes that have an annotation on them
- If a node is part of a line that's too long, shorten it by altering the newlines around the node and/or its children
- Repeat steps 2-5 until no more shortening can be done
- Run the base formatter (e.g.,
gofmt
) over the results, write these to either stdout or the source file
See this blog post for more technical details.
Limitations
The tool has been tested on a variety of inputs, but it's not perfect. Among other examples, the handling of long lines in comments could be improved. If you see anything particularly egregious, please report via an issue.